Varicose veins of the small pelvis in women

Varicose veins of the small pelvis in women (ectasia, parametria, dilation or phlebostasis) are triggered by this condition due to the reverse flow of blood through the ovarian artery, which appears due to vascular compression.

The intensification of the development of the disease is pregnancy.

Internal varicose veins of the small pelvis are expressed by intense and prolonged pain in the lower abdomen.

In the literature, varicose veins of the small pelvis are also referred to as "pelvic venous congestion syndrome", "varicocele in women", "chronic pelvic pain syndrome".

In the vast majority of cases (80%), varicose transformation affects the ovarian veins and is extremely rare (1%) observed in the veins of the broad ligament of the uterus.

According to modern medical approaches, the treatment of VVMT should be carried out not so much from the gynecological point of view, but, first of all, from the phlebological point of view.

The causes of the appearance of the pathology

Most often, ectasia of the pelvic veins is determined in women. Also, as a rule, this disease in gynecology is diagnosed in patients aged 20 to 40 years.

Often patients with varicose veins of the small pelvis try first to carry out the treatment at home. Folk methods, used without the advice and recommendations of a doctor, can lead to the appearance of negative side effects, so after a while you need to go to a phlebologist for a consultation.

The main factors leading to the appearance of this pathology include:

1. Excessively increased physical activity.
2. Passive lifestyle.
3. Congenital diseases of the walls of blood vessels - weakening, plasticity, underdevelopment.
4. Processes of inflammation in the pelvic organs.
5. Hormonal imbalance.

Pathology of the sexual plane - anorgasmia, pain and the appearance of discomfort during sexual intercourse, which have a psychological etiology of appearance, while very often practicing interrupted sexual contact.

At the same time, varicose veins of the small pelvis, the treatment and symptoms of this disease are similar to varicose veins on the legs. In this situation, the valves in the veins begin to disrupt the work of the valves that help the flow of blood circulation to the heart muscle.

Dysfunction of the valves appears, which serve as a protection for reverse blood flow.

If their work is interrupted, blood stagnation in the veins begins. Veins filled with blood increase in volume, which further increases the phenomenon of stagnation.

Pelvic venous congestion usually occurs near the vulva, fallopian tubes, uterine region, and can even dilate the veins in the vagina.

First signs and symptoms

A number of underlying clinical symptoms indicate the development of varicose veins. The most important of the signs of this disease is unreasonable pain in the lower abdomen, in the pelvic region, often starting to radiate to the perineum or lumbar region. The patient is also bothered by the abundant discharge of mucus from the vagina, especially in the middle of the monthly cycle.

In addition to the main symptoms, there are also other very important symptoms of varicose veins:

1. In some cases, infertility is noted in women.
2. Dysmenorrhea. Manifestation of pain during menstruation.
3. Perceptible passage of premenstrual symptoms.
4. Irradiation of pain in the groin, lower back and sacrum.
5. A symptom of dyspareunia (the manifestation of a feeling of discomfort in the vagina or vulva, both during intercourse and after its completion).
6. Manifestation of a painful crisis (as a result of severe hypothermia of the body, excessive physical fatigue, psychoemotional stress).
7. The appearance of pain in the abdomen after prolonged overload (dynamic or static).

Faced with this clinical symptomatology, it is necessary to consult a doctor as soon as possible, since this pathology can have a large number of unpleasant complications:

• varicose veins can be a contraindication to natural childbirth;
• the work of the reproductive organs is disrupted;
• there is a fear of sexual contact;
• irritability and anxiety appear.

It should also be said that all of the above symptoms can be expressed in different ways, in some patients all the signs of the disease are noted, and in some only some of them.

Methods for diagnosing the disease

To establish the correct diagnosis, the patient must undergo a comprehensive examination. If a woman complains of pain that appears for an unknown reason, the specialist first of all determines all the reasons that are factors in the manifestation of the painful symptom. The patient's lower limbs are carefully examined. So you can identify the manifestation of varicose veins. In some situations, a diagnosis is made by a vascular doctor.

The main diagnostic methods are as follows:

1. Ultrasound of the venous system. The examination allows to examine the tortuosity and varicose veins.
2. Laparoscopy. Determine varicose veins in the ovarian region.
3. CT. It allows you to exclude the disease, identify varicose veins in the ovaries and uterus, see the magnification on the monitor and their tortuosity.
4. Selective ovaricography. The most thorough examination. It is performed by injecting a contrast agent into the subclavian and femoral veins.
5. Doppler ultrasound. It determines in the veins of the ovaries and uterus a decrease in the systolic speed of the process.

The use of these methods allows you to more clearly define the symptoms of the disease.

Degrees and differential approach

To standardize the diagnosis and the possibility of a differential treatment approach, A. E. Volkov divided varicose veins taking into account the place of formation of venous ectasia and the size of dilated vessels.

Three stages of this disease are classified:

• the first stage - "corkscrew" movement of the vessel, the size of the vein is not more than 6 mm;
• the second stage - the size of the vein is not more than 7-11 mm during the total type of varicose veins, VR of the arcuate veins of the uterine plexus, VR of parametric veins, loose ectasia of the ovarian plexus;
• the third stage - the size of the vein is greater than 11 mm during the main form of parametric training or total type of VR.

Taking into account the severity of the pathological process, therapeutic or surgical methods can be used.

Methods for the treatment of varicose veins

During stage 1-2 of varicose disease, conservative methods of therapy are often used (remedial gymnastics, NPS drugs, venotonics).

Conservative therapy during venous congestion syndrome is symptomatic, which includes the normalization of rest and physical activity, which excludes excessive active loads and prolonged standing.

When the patient is diagnosed with the presence of varicose veins, the treatment procedures are aimed primarily at achieving the following tasks:

1. Relief from symptoms of bleeding, pain, etc.
2. Restoration of venous tone, increased blood circulation in the tissues.
3. Cessation of reverse blood flow through the venous system of the ovaries.

It is necessary to realize that even the highest quality therapy for this pathology will not completely cure varicose veins.

However, adequate treatment will prevent the main clinical symptoms and significantly improve the patient's condition.

Treatment of EMCT includes several main components:

1. Regular exercises of medical gymnastics to prevent the onset of the disease.
2. Drug use course during an exacerbation.

Conservative therapy of the affected veins

Due to the internal location of the veins infected with pathology, drugs are used orally, it is simply impossible to apply venous ointments and gels.

During this disease, the following drugs are used:

1. Horse chestnut extract - to relieve inflammation and swelling.
2. On the basis of diosmin - to eliminate high vascular elasticity, prevent damage, reduce permeability.
3. Vitamin C - strengthens the vascular walls.

Doctors recommend combining conservative treatment with physical therapy and the use of compression underwear. Compression garments are particularly in demand during pregnancy.

Surgical intervention

Surgical intervention is an extreme method of treatment, which is used if the disease is in a very advanced stage and there is an intake of VR of the veins.

The surgical operation is selected taking into account the location of the main interruption of the veins and involves the following interventions:

• crossectomy operation - is also used for diseases of the leg veins;
• ligation of a vein in the genitals (usually performed simultaneously with perineal miniflebectomy);
• ligation of the ovarian vein.

If an operation is required, the choice of appropriate manipulations is quite individual, since everything will depend on the location of the varicose veins.

Exercise and remedial gymnastics

If we consider the necessary physical exercises, then women during this disease need to do at least one of the exercises every day: "birch", "bicycle", "scissors".

A contrast shower in the pelvic area and breathing exercises are also useful. At the same time, properly and effectively performed gymnastics is the fastest way to restore a healthy and normal life.

The simplest but effective exercises are as follows:

1. Lie on your back, lift your legs, then bend and lift as high as possible. The exercise is performed about 10 times.
2. Supine position, stretch your legs, then, bending over, pull towards the chest area. Run at least 10 times.
3. For half an hour, you will have to walk around the room. First - on the toes, then - on the heels, after - raising the knees as high as possible.
4. Lie on your stomach, raise your legs in turn. In the maximum position, the leg must be fixed for a few seconds. At least 7 approaches for each stage.

Recipes and folk remedies

Varicose veins can be treated at home.

The most famous and common folk methods of treatment:

1. Horse chestnut infusion.
2. Kombucha tincture.
3. Dandelion root tincture.
4. Treatment with leeches, which are applied to the coccyx and sacral region.

Diet plays an important role in the treatment of varicose veins. The daily diet must be balanced and have enough natural fibers and proteins.

Preventive actions

You also need to use some simple tips that serve as a prevention of VVMT. In addition, if observed constantly, they can also improve the general condition of the body:

1. Exercise every day.
2. Use special tights for treatment.
3. Add more vegetables to your daily diet. Avoid foods that cause constipation.
4. During sedentary work, take breaks, you need to walk for at least 10 minutes every two hours.
5. Do not abuse alcohol or smoke.
6. Do not take hormonal drugs uncontrollably.
7. After surgery for VVMT, it is necessary to take prophylactic doses of medications prescribed by the doctor.

Possible prediction

If the varicose condition is not treated at all, then after a while the veins begin to increase even more (by 90%), this threatens with serious side effects, including thrombosis. In the remaining 10% of patients with varicose veins, in which it appeared after pregnancy, the disease does not progress to a more severe stage, however, it never goes away on its own.

If you start the treatment of pathology, you can achieve a complete recovery (15-25%, taking into account the severity) or a significant improvement (55-60%), especially in the case of the simultaneous combination of operative and conservative methods. But, one way or another, after complex therapy, lifelong prophylaxis must be carried out, which consists of adhering to a correct lifestyle, regular medications or compressive support of the veins.