Varicose veins, the symptoms of which are detectable in one out of four is not simply a cosmetic defect, which manifests itself in the form of a blue tree in the grid on the thighs, the hips or the back of the stop sign, heaviness in legs, pain of static charges or a long walk, frantic agonizing spasms in the muscles of the calf, but also a high risk of thrombosis in the system of the inferior vena cava.
Thrombotic complications lead to trophic ulcers of the leg, disorders of the blood circulation with a bluish discoloration of the members, and the risk of their mortification. Looking up from the vascular wall, blood clots in the legs often begin to journey that ends in the heart (leading to heart attack) or the blood vessels of the brain (becoming the cause of the stroke). It is this circumstance, and not at all damaged view once attractive feet demands the utmost of early attention to the treatment (and preferably prevention) of varicose veins.
Because the disease, apparently is not static, but gradually, by taking all the new cuts from the outside or inside venous network of the legs, the analysis of the treatment is to start with a description of the prevention. It is reasonable, preventive measures will help at least a little bit of slowing down the process that has developed over the background and hereditary of the insolvency of the valve of the device of the veins of the lower limbs.
Prevention of varicose veins
The veins of the lower limbs are very weak to the wall, practically devoid of muscular elements, which could push the blood by reducing. Therefore, in the veins, there are valves, of obstacles to the inverse of the flow of blood and its stagnation in the veins. In some people, these valves heredity ruined or become with age:
- during heavy physical load
- increase intra-abdominal pressure
- constipation
- frequent pregnancies.
First of all, the process affects outside of vienna. And then are surprised to sewer of vienna, and deep venous network. Varicose veins of the members develops in a few (sometimes dozens) of years and its speed varies according to the mode of life, the intensity of the physical activity and the resistance of the walls of the blood vessels.
- Therefore, the first task of the prevention – to reduce to a minimum the improvement of the intra-abdominal pressure (constipation, avoid excess overload).
- The second task is to create conditions for the liabilities of the reflux of the venous blood of the legs. Necessarily at the end of the day, or several times in the day. To this end, the feet are stacked from the foot to the thigh on the surface at an angle of 45 degrees with the horizontal. Lie in this position, it takes at least half an hour. The person for which the varicose veins on the legs – is a medical fact, it is recommended to sleep with the legs raised as much as possible.
- It is recommended when the varicose veins do not use a shoe, socks with an elastic band stretched – it is not to create obstacles to blood flow in the legs.
- It is important not to sit down, the legs and extends the seated position, place the feet on the stand and give them a horizontal (or slightly higher) position. This posture sometimes you can see in the gangster movies the steep of the cosa nostra, which is seated in a wheelchair, trying to describe the feet on the table.
- Of course, in the office, if You are not the owner of the company, to invent anything, least of provocation. You can, for example, to put under the desk, a cardboard box and put the feet on it or use it for the same purpose of high plastic basket of securities with the flat of a top cover. On all questions uncharacteristic of the way to sit behind the desk should answer honestly, in order to avoid ridicule and not to be a monster. It should be remembered that no member of staff will not be active participant in your treatment. Therefore, it is appropriate to collect the opinions of others and not to neglect the prevention of the disease.
- If you are at home, try to take the horizontal position and the positioning with the help of several cushions the legs above the head. This is to improve the conditions of the flow venous.
Conservative treatment
The program of non-surgical treatment included diet, compression and drug therapy.
The plan
Dietary Interventions are required, because excess weight is a risk factor for the development of varicose veins. The power must be compensated (power consumption must not exceed the energy needs in correlation with the character of the expenses, or of their absence). Outside of this, in the menu will need to exclude seasonings, spices, peppers, pickles, excess salt, meat products, reduce the consumption of French fries. Alcohol is also not recommended to use them.
In the menu should be present a sufficient amount of vegetables and fruits rich in vitamin c, dishes rich in fibre, wheat bread, seafood. Shows frequent (at least 4 times a day) fractional power. In regards to the fashion a few years ago the trend to be limited in all animal fats, it is worth to mention. Of course, beyond the limits of the numbers of triglycerides and cholesterol is not the case. But in reasonable amounts, cholesterol helps to mend the vascular wall, reduce the secondary risks of thrombotic complications and sudden ruptures of varicose veins.
The refusal of smoking
Smoking is the worst habit of varicose veins. If to choose between the consumption of a moderate amount of alcohol and tobacco, the first is still possible to get by tolerate. Here is the second must categorically exclude. Not only the resin, blocking the blood vessels, increasing the risk of thrombosis and secondary complications (heart attack, stroke, pulmonary embolism). Especially it is necessary to be careful for those who have varicose veins (or predisposed to it), taking hormonal drugs, and manages to smoke.
Compression garment (bottom, knee socks, tights)
This is a good option for the prevention and treatment of early stages of varicose veins, as well as the various parameters of a pressure on the soft tissues, the varieties of models and colors. Wear the lingerie, you need to in the morning, not getting up until the venous system is not yet saturated with blood. For this method there is a but – beyond the limits of the price tags on the territory of the RUSSIAN federation, to limit the purchase of a shirt against varicose veins by the popular masses. Usually, use a cloth not begin with those who can help you on the stage of the disease, and people with severe forms of varicose veins, often complicated by some process, which already shows a surgical treatment, and compression as in secondary prevention.
Varicose veins: treatment of
Drugs are not a panacea. Completely stop or cure varicose veins, they are not in a state.
Ointments and gels
These tools cannot protect the walls of the veins, stimulate the venous reflux, and several improve the microcirculation. These tools by the forces of reduce the severity of the pain and the swelling, provided within reception. View the course twice a year, when the length of at least 2 months.
The most useless (and safe), you can read ointments or gels. They do not penetrate far to the skin and there was an action on the blood vessels you can. They recommend in the early stages of the disease, when unknown, why may not really spend the swelling and heaviness in the legs: of medication or simple postural drainage and the end of the physical exercise.
This treatment includes the introduction of a drug or an elastic bandage. The ease, the preservation of the aesthetic appearance of the members, the absence of effects on the well-being of the patient are attracted by this method of doctors and patients.
But isolated of the sclerotherapy does not bring pollutants results and is not able to stop the progression of the disease. In most cases, you should always combine it with a system of rapid treatment. Before the therapy obligatory must be carried out in an ultrasound of the lower limbs, to the exclusion of large lesions under the skin or deep veins of the leg.
The contraindications to this method are: drug allergy, atherosclerosis of the great vessels with the presence of ischemia, diabetic angiopathy, occlusive disease, the defeat of the coagulation of the blood, and acute or recent thrombophlebitis of the feet, pregnancy.
Therapy Options
- Before the surgery - the hardening of the veins can be used before surgery to reduce the risk of bleeding and thrombosis in post-operative period
- during an operation, by replacing the deletion of vienna
- after the operation to close the remainder of the vein.
Method punctures
If it does not apply to the operation, is performed in an office surgical, with all the rules of asepsis. First close larger veins, and then the small. By doing this, the drugs usually are introduced from the top down. Vienna perforated standing of the patient, prior to the introduction of the drug the put. If in the field of interest is to be a container or the blood vessels of the entire circumference of the leg, it is conducted several sessions of therapy. After sclerosing treatment, the patient should be observed in phlebologist during the three years following the last injection.
- After the introduction of the drug spend elastic bandage members may rehearse for 2 weeks. During the first week of bandage does not take off.
- For half an hour after the procedure, the patient must walk.
- Every day a patient need to sleep with raised pedal to the end, and during the day to avoid sitting or standing prolonged and a lot of walking.
Varicose veins: operation
A decision on the appropriateness of the intervention to adopt a physician or a vascular surgeon.
Often, women with the defeat of the superficial veins and prone to rapid response, only because of the cosmetic defect, afford to delay the operation, if you are considering a subsequent pregnancy (such as during pregnancy varicose veins, generally, progresses, and the result can disappear and ask for re-treatment surgical).
Combined phlebectomy
The most common option to solve the problems of varicose veins of the lower limbs is combin phlebectomy. The operation is performed under general anesthesia or with the application of epidural anaesthesia. All the cuts and punctures try to do as much as possible the small sizes. For example, to remove a greater saphenous vein makes an incision in the groin. Through him, in the vein introduced by the probe with the tip. Then, the probe is withdrawn and vienna is taken from the average of the stem up to the groin. Through the small vessels from vessels and small veins. After the operation compression (bint or the bottom of the leg).
Electrocautery
It involves the removal of the saphenous veins because of the impact on them in the current. The method is more dangerous than an obliteration or traditional surgery.
Cryosurgery
Cryosurgery allows you to remove the veins due to low temperatures. When the equipment is modern method is safe. Not always possible to calculate the depth of the gel, without damaging the surrounding tissues or not, leaving the “surplus”.
Home treatment of varicose veins
Spider veins can be treated at home, at least the system of drugs (on prescription), while the ointments and gels, although the leeches (treatment of varicose veins in the leeches) and the cabbage leaf, apple cider vinegar. Also for the part of the program suited compression garment and elastic bandage (adapted and recommended by your doctor). For the stages of the disease, all these efforts will be in vain without radical treatment fast.
Therefore, today it is a radical method to get rid of varicose veins, you can recognize only the surgical methods, often juxtaposable with the therapy and / or compression methods.